涂膜在柚子保鲜上的应用

分别采用魔芋葡甘聚糖复合膜液、羧甲基壳聚糖膜液及可溶性淀粉膜液对瑁溪蜜柚进行涂膜保鲜,并研究了常温贮藏期间柚子有机酸、呼吸强度、乙醇含量、失重率、过氧化氢酶活性等指标的变化。结果表明：涂膜保鲜的有机酸、呼吸强度、乙醇含量、失重率、过氧化氢酶等指标的值均低于对照组,涂膜保鲜能有效延长柚子的保鲜期,其中,可溶性淀粉膜对蜜柚的保鲜期能达到80d,羧甲基壳聚糖膜对蜜柚的保鲜期能达到90d,魔芋葡甘聚糖薄膜对蜜柚的保鲜期能达到120d。     

几种热控涂层的真空-紫外辐照试验

无机热控涂层是航天器常用的一类热控涂层。文章采用上海硅酸盐研究所研制的真空－紫外辐照装置,选用合适的加速倍率,对国内几种常用的热控涂层进行了10000ESH以上的辐照试验,原位测量了各阶段试验样品的太阳吸收比,获得了这些热控涂层的太阳吸收比变化曲线,验证了热控涂层的“漂白效应”。相关研究结果可以为热控制专家进行热设计时提供参考。     

毛酸浆果涂膜保鲜技术的探讨

选用天然壳聚糖保鲜剂对毛酸浆果进行涂膜保鲜实验,探讨了不同条件下壳聚糖涂膜处理对毛酸浆果生理及贮藏效果的影响.并通过正交实验确定了最佳保鲜条件,涂膜保鲜剂浓度为15%,保鲜助剂为1%,温度为4℃.     

壳聚糖涂膜对常温贮藏兔眼蓝莓果实品质的影响

以“圆蓝”兔眼蓝莓为试材,研究了0．5％壳聚糖（0．4％高分子壳聚糖＋0．1％低分子壳聚糖）涂膜对常温贮藏蓝莓果实品质的影响。结果表明,在20℃常温条件下贮藏20d的过程中,壳聚糖涂膜可以有效减缓蓝莓果实感官品质及果实硬度的下降速度,降低腐烂率和失重率,保持较稳定的TSS和有机酸含量;抑制PPO活性的快速升高和MDA的大量积累：有效延长常温条件下的贮藏期,有利于保持采后蓝莓的品质。但对采后蓝莓果实中的花色苷含量无明显影响．对类黄酮的增加有一定的抑0作用。     

紫外光固化油漆涂布量对木地板漆膜性能的影响

为优化番龙眼实木地板基材的紫外光固化油漆涂布量,研究油漆涂布量对漆膜附着力、耐磨性、硬度及柔韧性的影响。结果表明:随着涂布量的增加,漆膜附着力降低,耐磨性能呈线性增大,柔韧性逐渐降低。在生产中,需综合考虑漆膜性能和基材种类,以确定最佳涂布量。     

种衣剂添加芸苔素内酯预防玉米冷害药害试验分析

在11％福·戊种衣剂中添加不同浓度的0.1％芸苔素内酯(BR),对九单48和东单213进行包衣处理,利用智能光照培养箱和田间错期播种,检验不同包衣处理对低温冷害的防御能力.结果表明,人工控制温度条件下,九单48添加最佳剂量BR出苗率为92％,未添加BR处理出苗率仅为20％,未包衣(对照)出苗率为48％.东单213添加最佳剂量BR出苗率为90％,未添加BR处理出苗率为80％,未包衣(对照)出苗率为52％.田间错期第一批播种处理中,九单48添加BR比未添加出苗率高3.83个百分点;东单213添加BR比未添加出苗率高4.94个百分点.种衣剂中添加适量BR能够有效抵御冷害药害,提高出苗率.     

猪圆环病毒2型ELISA抗体检测试剂盒的研制及初步应用

用PCV2 Cap蛋白单克隆抗体预包被酶标板,将杆状病毒表达系统表达的PCV2 Cap蛋白作为检测用抗原,利用捕获包被法建立了间接ELISA法用于猪圆环病毒2型抗体的检测.通过优化ELISA条件,研制试剂盒并应用于圆环病毒2型疫苗的免疫效果检验.利用研制的试剂盒与IFA、商品化进口和国产同类试剂盒对178份猪血清进行平行检测,总符合率分别为96.63％、97.75％和84.27％,与其他几种常见猪病毒抗体阳性血清无交叉反应.试剂盒批内、批间变异系数分别为2.35％ ～4.06％和4.87％ ～ 6.54％,2～8℃保存15个月稳定,适合于对不同来源猪圆环病毒2型疫苗人工免疫猪血清抗体进行检测.     

Delivering Fertilizers Through Seed Coatings

Summary

Coating seeds with nutrients may be an effective way of supplying starter fertilizer for establishment of seedlings and early growth. However, a large variability in benefits of providing nutrients with seeds has been reported, highlighting differences in the implementation of the techniques. This chapter will discuss the main principles relating to the imprecisely defined concept of nutrient-amended seeds.     

Adverse Effect of Antifouling Compounds on the Reproductive Mechanisms of the Ascidian Ciona intestinalis

Fertilization and embryo development that occur in sea water are sensitive to xenobiotics from anthropogenic sources. In this work, we evaluated the influence of two antifouling biocides, tributyltin (TBT) and diuron, on the reproductive mechanisms of the marine invertebrate Ciona intestinalis. By using electrophysiological techniques, we examined the impact of these compounds on the electrical properties of the mature oocytes and of events occurring at fertilization. With different toxicity assays, we studied the effect of the two biocides on the gametes by evaluating fertilization rate and embryo development. Results show that sodium (Na⁺) currents were significantly reduced by either of the two biocides, whereas conductance was significantly increased. The fertilization current frequency and amplitude, fertilization rate and larval development were affected only by TBT. This study suggests that: (i) the two biocides affect either the electrical properties of the oocyte plasma membrane and the reproductive success representing a risk factor for the survival of the species exposed to environmental pollution; (ii) the ascidian Ciona intestinalis may represent a good model organism to test toxicity of marine pollutants. Possible mechanisms of action of the two biocides are discussed.     

Polyketides from a Marine-Derived Fungus Xylariaceae sp.

Eighteen polyketides (1–18) including six citrinin derivatives, two phenol derivatives, one cyclopentenone, two naphthol derivatives, and seven tetralone derivatives were isolated from the culture broth of a marine-derived fungal strain Xylariaceae sp. SCSGAF0086. Five of these compounds (1, 2, 8, 9, and 10) were new, and their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods. Compounds 4, 6, 7, and 17 showed enzyme-inhibitory activities towards several tested enzymes, and 6 and 7 showed strong antifouling activity against Bugula neritina larvae settlement. This is the first time that the antifouling and enzyme-inhibitory activities of these compounds has been reported.